Which term describes an error that might occur during the execution of a program?

• A. Postcondition
• B. Exception
• C. Input Protection
• D. Readability

Answer: (B)

During program execution, errors that disrupt the normal flow are called exceptions. They arise at runtime when something goes wrong—such as dividing by zero, accessing an array index that’s out of bounds, or failing to open a file. Exceptions are specifically about abnormal events that occur while the code is running and can be handled with mechanisms like try-catch blocks to allow the program to recover or fail gracefully. This is different from a postcondition, which describes what should be true after a function finishes, not an error event. Input protection refers to guarding against bad input to prevent errors, but it isn’t the error itself. Readability is about how easy the code is to read and understand, not about runtime errors.