Which language, created by Niklaus Wirth, is often used as an introductory programming language?

• A. Pascal
• B. Java
• C. FORTRAN
• D. Pseudocode

Answer: (A)

Pascal was designed by Niklaus Wirth to be a friendly, strongly typed, structured language ideal for teaching beginners. Its syntax is clear and readable, and it enforces explicit structure through blocks and procedures. This makes it easier for newcomers to learn fundamental concepts like control flow, data structures, and modular design without getting overwhelmed by complex syntax or ambiguous rules. Because of these qualities, Pascal became a popular first programming language in many introductory courses, helping students focus on algorithmic thinking and good programming practices.

Other options aren’t associated with Wirth’s teaching-focused language approach: Java is a later, general-purpose language created by Sun Microsystems; FORTRAN is an older language developed for scientific computing; pseudocode isn’t an actual executable language.